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Warning-sign checks

Schistosomiasis: when to get help

Go through these in order and stop at the first one that applies. If you are reading this for someone else, answer for them.

  1. 1

    Is any of this happening now?

    Call 911

    Get urgent or emergency help for:

    • A seizure, confusion, sudden weakness, numbness, or difficulty walking
    • Severe shortness of breath or chest pain
    • Vomiting blood, black tar-like stool, fainting, or heavy bleeding
    • Inability to pass urine, especially with blood clots
    • Rapidly increasing abdominal swelling with severe illness

    These symptoms are uncommon, but they can indicate serious bleeding, urinary blockage, or nervous system involvement.

    Other emergency signs, for anyone
    • Someone who is struggling to breathe, gasping, choking, or cannot get words out
    • Someone who has chest pain, tightness or pressure lasting more than a few minutes
    • Someone who has sudden weakness or drooping on one side of the face or body, slurred speech, or sudden confusion
    • Someone who is unconscious, or cannot be woken
    • Someone who is bleeding heavily and it will not stop with firm pressure
    • Someone who has had a seizure that will not stop, or does not wake up afterwards
    • Someone who has lips or skin that look pale, blue, grey or blotchy
    • Someone who you believe has taken an overdose or swallowed something poisonous
  2. 2

    Is any of this happening?

    Be seen today

    Seek prompt medical advice if you develop visible blood in your urine or stool, ongoing abdominal pain, painful urination, unexplained diarrhoea, or genital symptoms.

    Mention all previous countries of residence and travel, including exposures from years ago.

    Fever after international travel needs prompt assessment because malaria and other infections may need to be ruled out quickly.

    Do not assume fever is caused by schistosomiasis.

  3. 3

    Does any of this apply?

    Book an appointment

    Arrange a routine medical appointment if you have had skin contact with freshwater in an area where schistosomiasis occurs.

    This is worthwhile even if you feel well, particularly after swimming or wading in lakes, rivers, canals, or streams.

Every sign above is quoted from the sofidex article on Schistosomiasis. If you are not sure, err upward — it is always reasonable to be checked.